The 2009 uprising in Madagascar that led to the overthrow of President Marc Ravalomanana and the subsequent intervention of the African Union (AU) and Southern African Development Community (SADC) shook Madagascar to its core. The political crisis, which began with tensions and protests, culminated in violence against the opposition, a Malagasy military intervention, and the ousting of the president. President Ravalomanana’s removal was followed by an AU and SADC intervention to mediate and resolve the conflict.
Bamako under Siege: How Coordinated Attacks Exposed the Mali Government’s
Fragility—and Tested the AES
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The coordinated attacks that shook Mali on 25–27 April 2026 are not an
anomaly. They are the culmination of a long, deteriorating security
trajectory—one...
13 hours ago
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